Newman Projections

Newman Projections Newman Projection Newman Projection is useful in alkene stereochemistry. It is used for determining conformational relationships. (Conformers are molecules which are converted to one another by a rotation around a single bond). Newman Projection visualizes the chemical conformations of a carbon to carbon chemical bond from front to back. The front carbon is represented by a dot.The back carbon is represented a circle. The name for front carbon atom is proximal. The back carbon atom is called distal. Other carbons are drawn as sticks coming off the dot or circle and they are separated by 120 degrees. Newman projection is useful to assess the torsional angle between bonds. Below is a sample for Newman projections A Newman projection can be staggered or eclipsed. You could draw Newman projection such that the groups on the front carbon are staggered with 60 degrees apart. Or they could be eclipsed (overlapping directly) with the groups on the back carbon. Following are the samples of Newman projections of ethane for staggered and eclipsed ones. New man projections can be made for butane so that its eclipsed, gauge and anti conformations could be seen. In this case, the front dot represents the second carbon in the butane chain. The back circle represents the third carbon in the butane chain. Newman projection is used to condense the bond between these two carbons. Let us view the below picture for understanding our concept more clearly. The sawhorse projection is similar to Newman projection. It visualizes the carbon to carbon bond from an oblique angle. Following are the pictures of sawhorse projection

Lipids

Lipids Lipids Lipids are large organic compounds which occur naturally, they are usually insoluble in water. Since they are nonpolar they are soluble in nonpolar organic solvents such as ether, chloroform, Benzene, Toluene, Di ethyl ether and so on. The composition of the lipids usually consists of hydrocarbons and are the reduced forms of carbon. Lipids exists in the structure of the living cells mostly in the hormones, vitamins and non-protein membrane of the cell. They are one of the most important group of compound involved in the life of an organism. When oxidized lipids do release large amount of energy, which is useful for the living organisms. The lipids include molecules in fatty acids, natural oil, wax, soaps and detergents, terpenes, phospholipids and many other. Shown below are different types of lipids: Fatty Acids: The natural fatty acids are divided into two categories saturated and unsaturated. The saturated fatty acids have higher melting points when compared to the unsaturated fatty acids having the same size. The fatty acids are made of long carbon hydrogen chains which end with the carboxylic group. The chain of carbons are usually between 4 and 24 atoms long and having Oxygen, Halogen, Nitrogen, Sulfur functional groups attached. An example for the structure of a saturated Fatty acid is: An example for the structure of an unsaturated Fatty acid is: The structure for Linoleic acid is: Soaps and detergents: The soaps and detergents are used for the cleaning purposes when mixed in water. The soaps are formed when sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate are added to natural fatty acid. The detergents reduce the surface tension of liquids such as water due to the presence of the surfactants. The molecule consists of non-polar hydrocarbon chain and the iconic polar head group. These compounds are thus used for cleaning as they can penetrate and wet different materials. Here the above molecule is called sodium stearate. There are different types of detergents: Anionic detergent: They consists of long hydrocarbon chains and a negatively charged water soluble ionic group. They are known as surfactants or alkyl benzene sulfonates. Cationic detergents: They also consists of long hydrocarbon chains with positively charged water soluble ionic group. They are mostly used in shampoos and are derivatives of ammonium. Neutral detergents: Like the anionic and the cationic detergents they also contain long hydrocarbons, whereas the overall charge is neutral. Natural detergents: These are naturally made in the liver and the main function of this lipid is digestions. They are the derivative of cholesterol. Waxes: The esters of fatty acids consisting of monohydric alcohol which is one hydroxyl group is called as waxes. The natural wax is found on the leaves and fruits of the plants or trees. They have a wax coating to retain the moisture and prevent dehydration or harm from small insects. Mentioned below are few verities of waxes and their applications: Name of the wax Formula Uses of the wax Spermaceti CH3 (CH2)14 CO2-(CH2)15 CH3 Cosmetics and leatherworking Carnuba wax CH3 (CH2)14 CO2- (CH2)15 CH3 Floor waxes and polishes Beeswax CH3 (CH2)24 CO2- (CH2)29 CH3 Consumption Here is a list of some lipids and where they are found: Phospholipid They are the major component in the cell membrane. Terpenes They are majorly produced by the plants. Steroids lipid They are found in plants, animals and fungi Glycerolipids or triglycerides They are the fat storage lipids in the body Biological functions of lipids in the body: Cholesterol formation: The cholesterol is present in the cell membrane and also in blood as plasma lipoproteins. These lipoproteins are complex aggregates of lipids and proteins which help the lipids travel throughout the body using the watery or aqueous solutions. Storage of energy: The triacylglycerols are the fat storing lipids. As the name signifies they are made of three fatty acids and one glycerol. They release energy in the body during the time of need and form the structural components of cell.

The Pros and Cons of Online Guitar Lessons

The Pros and Cons of Online Guitar Lessons Megan L. So youve heard about online guitar lessons but youre not convinced theyre right for you? Guitar teacher  Edward B.  shares the benefits and drawbacks he has learned from teaching live online lessons Live online guitar lessons are filling a much-needed gap in society’s need for lessons, especially for students in rural areas who don’t have access to music teachers, and busy students who have trouble fitting lessons into their schedules. I’ve given guitar lessons quite successfully via Skype and Google Hangouts, and have found this method of teaching benefits students in the following ways: Quality Teachers I believe it is better to have Skype lessons with an excellent teacher than it is to have in-person lessons with a mediocre teacher. Searching for a guitar teacher online gives you even more options to choose from since youre not restricted to your small local region. No Traveling You don’t have to fight traffic to get to your guitar teacher’s studio. Also, when a student is five or ten minutes late, I give them a courtesy call in case they forgot. But if they live 15 minutes away and they have a 30 minute lesson, it’s hardly worth it for them to come late. Taking lessons online means no missed lessons due to forgetfulness since the student and teacher can connect 30 seconds after the courtesy call. Convenient Scheduling There are more options for choosing the best day and time for the lesson when you look at all the teachers available online versus just the teachers in your local area. Convenience of Recording Lessons While students always have the option to record their face-to-face lessons, that almost never happens (at least, in the history of my teaching). But you can easily record Skype and Google+ lessons for review at a later time with software like Evaer and Super Tin Tin, or for audio only: Pamela MP3 Skype, or RecorderVodBurner. Immediate Practicing While face-to-face students must drive home before practicing what they learned, online students can practice immediately after the lesson when ideas are fresh. The first practice session will always be of higher quality when it is done immediately after the lesson than if it is done the next day, and the first practice session is the most important session of the entire week. Warming Up You can warm up right before your lesson, only stopping seconds before the lesson begins. This lets you show off your best playing to your teacher each week instead of starting rusty. Increased Student Performance Students actually spend more time performing during distance lessons than in face-to-face lessons. Don’t Have To Be In The Same Room You won’t need to cancel lessons because you had the flu two days before, because during online lessons you can’t pass illness on to your teacher. Transferring Instructional Music Files I can simply email mp3 audios and screenshare or email music documents. Of course there are also a few drawbacks to choosing online guitar lessons No Physical Touch Sometimes the most efficient way to achieve technical results with a student is to physically manipulate their wrists, fingers, elbows, etc. while their hands are on the strings. Your online guitar teacher wont be able to give you physical adjustments if needed.  Dependent Upon Internet Connection The student and teacher must both have a fast Internet connection, and even if they do, sometimes there are days when Internet backbones are lagging, ISPs are having trouble, etc., although that’s a rare occurrence. Glitches still happen sometimes with Skype and Google Hangouts but seem to be happening less as the technology develops.  Sound Quality Even with a fast Internet connection, sound quality does not resemble the quality of a CD or the quality of hearing the student in person. Having said that, I feel that I’m still able to judge tone quality acceptably well. Looking From a Different Angle Sometimes (but not very often), I’ll walk to the other side of the student in order to see what their hands look like from the other side, in cases where I have to look specifically at the left hand position. Since I can’t do that in an online guitar lesson, students have to reposition their webcams. Distractions Students may be more distracted at home by noises made by siblings, animals, neighbors, etc, than they would be at a teachers studio. All things considered, I believe there are effective ways of working around these issues. Interested in trying online guitar lessons? Find a great guitar teacher online now! Edward B. has a degree in Guitar Performance and owns and operates his own private instruction studio in Wailuku, HI. He has  over 25 years of performing and professional teaching experience and is currently an instructor  for the University of Hawaii and The Maui Music Conservatory. Learn more about Edward here! Interested in Private Lessons? Search thousands of teachers for local and live, online lessons. Sign up for convenient, affordable private lessons today! Search for Your Teacher Photo by  sean dreilinger

Everything to Know About Learning Italian

Everything to Know About Learning Italian Want to Speak Italian Fluently? Here's How ChaptersLearning Italian through ErasmusLearn Italian through a Study AbroadFinish Your Higher Studies in a Foreign LanguageItalian Language learning in ItalyLearning how to speak Italian can be a frustrating, but exciting, journey. Everything from understanding Italian pronunciation, colloquial phrases, difficult grammar and vocabulary. Learning how to speak a new language, however, can be taken to a new level by choosing to study abroad.For many students, the option to study abroad opens up a world of opportunities. Not only will a stay in Italy improve your skills in a language you are passionate about, but will also lead to acquiring skills you never knew you needed â€" such as international networking and living independently.If you’d like to know more about what it’s like to study abroad, and what your options are, it can be difficult to get started on researching all that studying in Italy has to offer. Luckily, this guide will take you through some of the most important q uestions you could have while investigating whether or not studying abroad is worth it.From choosing which programs are available for studying abroad, to understanding what an average monthly budget in Italy might look like, these tips serve as a starting point to what will, hopefully, end up being an unforgettable study abroad experience!Learning Italian words and Italian verbs can go a long way!Tuition fees1000 Insurance150 Food50 per weekLeisure40 per weekTotal1000 per monthLearn Italian through a Study AbroadWhether or not you will be enrolled in Italian courses or a language school during your trip abroad, or if you’re seeking to learn to speak Italian through working, the first step in your preparation for stay in Italy should be to test how fluent you are in the Italian language.Your journey to learn to speak Italian should start with understanding the types of tests that will be appropriate for your situation. While there are many tests that claim to test your fluency i n Italian phrases and culture, there are two tests that will be recognized throughout Italy: the Certificazione di Italiano come Lingua Straniera (CILS) and the Certificato dell’Italiano Commerciale (CIC). The information for deadlines, fees and requirements are normally posted for these tests for Italian online.If you’re worried your lessons in Italian vocabulary and grammar weren't’ enough to prepare you to understand the intricacies of the Italian education, medical and housing system, there is no need to worry. Information about the academic year in Italy starts with understanding that there are 60 universities in Italy. These are broken into 17 private universities, where two are especially equipped for international studies. The normal academic semester starts in September or November.Knowing the Italian housing system can teach you many things about Italian culture. The main options for foreigners in terms of accommodation can be found in university residences, public l odging, and shared apartments. Some examples of this are working in Hostels in exchange for accommodation, finding flat shares, or being housed by your university.If you’re worried about the kinds of healthcare options that will be available to you, it will be helpful to start by signing up for the Servizio Sanitario Nazionale, or SSN. For more information on this, look to the website for the Italian Ministry of Public Health, or Ministero della Salute.Language skills allow you to travel the worldFinish Your Higher Studies in a Foreign LanguageIf you’re interested in taking learning a new language to the next level, and you’ve decided to do so by studying abroad, there are many administrative tasks you will have to prepare for before being able to take advantage of perfecting your knowledge of Italian language and culture.While we’ve already discussed the importance of taking language tests to determine your skills as a beginner or intermediate Italian learner, obtaining a v isa will be an equally as important task in jour journey towards studying in Italy.Depending on how long your stay will be in Italy, and the purpose of the trip, you will either have to get a tourist or student visa. If you stay exceeds 90 days in Italy, you will have to apply for the latter. Having a conversation with your Italian consulate or embassy about the types of documents you will have to provide is vital. However, in general, you will be required to hand over your passport, a round-trip plane ticket, proof of sufficient financial means, and acquire valid health insurance.If think you might be in need of financial aid to sponsor your Italian lessons in Italy, start by checking out the tuition fees for the school for which you would like to apply or the additional fees involved in a study exchange. The main types of scholarships that can be available to you as a student involve either the Erasmus scholarship or the ones awarded by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.If y ou’re looking for some resources for your stay in Italian online, be sure to check out the website of the many Italian cultural institutes spread throughout the world.and Italian language course can change your lifeItalian Language learning in ItalyIf you’re already passed the level of Italian for beginners and are seeking an opportunity for speaking Italian through an immersion program that isn’t Erasmus, you can apply to the Italian University independent of any organization. Whether your goal is to study Italian language and literature, or want to take Italian courses and programs in other subjects, you will need to start by choosing a university.An important first step for this process is to understand the European Credit System, or ECTS. Your trip to Italy will be made much simpler if you determine which university will accept your foreign diploma and what types of programs will correspond with your level of Italian fluency.If you’re worried about taking Italian languag e courses and if what level of conversational Italian you will have to speak throughout the course of your program, it is important to first understand what types of programs you would like to apply to. Here is a list of some of the top universities in Italy according to the Times Higher Education, QS and Shanghai rankings:Times Higher EducationQS Top UniversitiesShanghai (ARWU)Scuola Superiore Sant’AnnaPolitecnico di MilanoU. Sapienza University of RomeScuola Normale Superiore di PisaU. di BolognaUniversity of PaduaU. di BolognaScuola Normale Superiore di PisaPolitecnico di MilanoVita-Salute San Raffaele UniversityScuola Superiore Sant’AnnaU. di BolognaU. degli studi di TrentoU. Sapienza University of RomeU. di FlorenceIf your goal is to learn to speak Italian, you might be interested in the established Universita di Bologna. This university is renowned for its department of latin, and is known to be an Italian language powerhouse.If you know how to speak basic Italian and aren ’t so much interested in expanding your knowledge in Italian words and phrases as you are understanding the physics of motion or the principles of commerce, universities in Milan might be a better option.If you’re looking to take online, paid or free Italian courses on the side and simply want to work and explore Italian culture and life, Rome might be your best option due to its connection to the rest of the country and its rich history.Whatever your reason for moving to Italy for a semester or more, understand that communicating this goal to your family and academic advisors will make the journey much simpler. Take advantage of the many online resources and personal connections around you, and get ready to indulge in Italy’s dolce vita.

Learn to Draw Satirical Political Cartoons

Learn to Draw Satirical Political Cartoons How to Draw Satirical Illustration in the Press ChaptersThe History of Editorial DrawingEditorial Drawing: A Complex ArtBig Names in Editorial IllustrationHow do You Become an Editorial Illustrator?What type of drawing do you most enjoy?Do you like to base your art on dark humour or satire?Is your favourite part of the newspapers the sketches?Less common in the UK than they are in France, where political caricatures have an important position in the country’s cultural history, satirical drawings in the national press often provokes the reader to question their opinions on a topic.Expressing your views through your art with a simple pencil and paper as your drawing materials is often the most effective way to make your view known and to portray current affairs and society from a humorous angle.  â€œA successful drawing makes people laugh. When it has truly succeeded, it makes people think. If it makes people both laugh and think, it’s an excellent drawing.”This quotation from Tignous perfectly sums up the aim of editorial ill ustration.Let’s have a look at the history, characteristics and artists of editorial illustration. FernandoDrawing Teacher 5.00 (8) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors EmmaDrawing Teacher 5.00 (5) £75/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors DavidDrawing Teacher 4.75 (4) £40/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors NatashaDrawing Teacher 5.00 (7) £37/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors LorrenDrawing Teacher 5.00 (2) £18/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors Julia janeDrawing Teacher 5.00 (5) £60/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors EvelinaDrawing Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ZangmoDrawing Teacher 5.00 (6) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsThe History of Editorial DrawingThe birth of drawing in journalism can be traced back to the Renaissance, with evidence of satirical engravings, however, this style of art didn’t really take off until the French Revolution.Let’s go back in history and look at three key date s in the evolution of caricature drawings.1789 and Freedom of ExpressionIt all began with the French Revolution.The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, which came out of the freedom of expression, had an impact on the development of satirical sketching, even with the constant threat to the lives of the artists.It wasn’t until the beginning of the 19th century that the very first satirical newspapers were compiled. These comic-like items included Le Charivari and La Caricature in the 1830’s.Political satire in the national press kept developing and its authors often found themselves in trouble with the law.This was the case for one Honoré Daumier, who was condemned to 6 months in prison for having depicted Louis-Philippe as a gluttonous king.Daumier's Gargantua appeared in La Caricature in 1831 ¦ source: WikipédiaSince then, many satirical artists have played a safe hand by sticking to social satire and avoiding controversial political humour.1881, a Transition al PhaseThe law on the free press changed the order in France. From this date, newspapers had the right to be published without having been authorised. The ban crept in progressively. With the third republic came the acceleration of this area, with illustrators tackling every theme from political to religious humour.This period became a golden age for editorial drawing.With the evolution of political newspapers and technical improvements in the printing industry, from 1870 to 1940 editorial illustration was everywhere.Press artists took on the controversial topics of their time such as the Dreyfus Affair, which divided French public opinion.Until the end of the Second World War, editorial illustration was everywhere, regardless of whether it appeared in general or satirical news items.1945, a New EraWith the end of the war, the beginning of the decline in ‘generalist’ press and the evolution of photography and television, many factors influenced drawing in the press.From 1945, n ewspapers began using photographs to illustrate their articles. Editorial illustration remained present in generalist newspapers, however, satirical news started to decline as the number of publications continued to fall.Today, satire in the French press is limited to only a few titles. These independent newspapers are wholly financed by their sales.Le Canard enchaîné, Founded in 1915, this current affairs paper is exclusively illustrated by editorial drawings.Charlie Hebdo, First published in 1970 by the Hara-Kiri team (a controversial magazine which was banned by the government), Charlie Hebdo is known around the world for its polemical material.Siné Mensuel, First hit shelves in 2011 and appeared alongside other satirical press after Siné, a former Charlie Hebdo artist, started his own paper.Editorial Drawing: A Complex ArtNewspaper drawings, also known as editorial illustrations are simple sketches, with or without text, which often take the form of comic strips.Editorial il lustrators are artists, but they are also journalists in their own right. This means that they have a good understanding of current affairs, and are therefore tasked with reporting on new stories through their pencil drawings, which are generally humorous or satirical.So, what’s the objective of journalistic illustration? To get the public’s attention, and to make them laugh! Everything that a technical drawing is not.This is something we forget all too often as their jokes, ironic twists and sarcastic overtones provoke a reaction of anger or disgust, making us forget the artist’s motive: to get our attention.For this reason, editorial illustration can reveal facts, give opinions and present a point of view through basic drawing skills such as shading techniques to create shadows in pencil drawing, or using a pen and ink to sharpen an outline.To make it as an editorial artist, you need to be quick-witted and have fantastic drawing skills ¦ source: Visualhunt - Alice Achterhof Uncovering, commenting, explaining, condemning, criticising, shocking and provoking debate are all common objectives among editorial artists, with some going further than others in certain areas.Regardless of the newspaper, story, or the artist’s personal objective, illustration in the press always invites the reader’s criticism.The line between humorous and satirical drawing is very thin, and any caricature or editorial artist should bear this in mind.Humorous drawing doesn’t go by the same rulebook. Sometimes, humorous drawings can achieve their aims purely through making a newspaper’s readership laugh, for example.Satirical drawings often evoke a feeling of shock. Not everyone will necessarily react in the same way to these drawings, regardless of the story they depict, as reactions to such pieces depend on the beliefs of each individual.Satire often touches on taboo subjects, and this is why they are frequently subject to debate. One such example is the depiction of Maho met in Charlie Hebdo.so, how do you get into editorial illustration?Artists often use a number of ways to reach their objective:Practicing their caricature drawing skillsProvoking a responseUsing stereotypesIronyPunsDark humourComparisonExaggerationSelf-deprecation and humour also allow artists to look at a news item in an objective way by distancing themselves from it and expressing their personal opinion on the matter at hand.Editorial illustrators are not obliged to give any view of a story but their own, putting them in a position as observers of the world around us, taking inspiration from current affairs and making the general public laugh with their interpretations.As Cabu said:“We are not messengers. We are simply clowns, entertainers […]. Humour is a language that I have always loved. Our objective is to rid the world of idiocy by making people laugh.”Big Names in Editorial IllustrationEvery era has its renowned artists. It’s impossible to name them all, but there a re some which cannot go unmentioned.Among them are some of the victims of the attack on the Charlie Hebdo offices in January 2015 whose names have become symbols for freedom of expression in France:Charb  had been the manager of Charlie Hebdo since 2009. He had participated in the paper’s relaunch. He also drew for Mon Quotidien â€" a children’s newspaper.Wolinski, had been involved in the creation of a newspaper named L’Enragé with Siné in 1968, and had also contributed to Hara-Kiri. He had worked for JDD, L’Humanité and the Nouvel Observateur.Cabu, also worked for Hara-Kiri and Charlie Hebdo, but his drawings could also be found in Le Monde, Rock n’Folk, le Figaro and Nouvel Observateur.Honoré, worked for many titles including Le Monde, Libération and InrockupiblesTignous, whose art was published in Charlie Hebdo and Marianne.Certain artists are so well-known for their editorial work that their names are often associated with certain newspapers. One such person in P lantu, whose work is featured in Le Monde. Plantu is also a founding member of Cartooning for Peace.How do You Become an Editorial Illustrator?Illustrators who work in journalism often end up working for several different newspapers.Apart from the big names in the business, a large part of the profession involves some level of precariousness and taking on various roles. Young artists tend towards other types of illustration and writing comic books.Do you dream of becoming an editorial illustrator?If you want to create a successful humorous sketch, you first need to get to grips with drawing basics. Mastering this includes learning how to draw faces and the human body, learning about caricature, trying out digital drawing on a tablet and learning about rendering, but also respecting the rules of proportion and one point perspective drawing.It may seem like a lot of hard work, but as you learn how to make still life appear three dimensional, pick up drawing tips from step by step draw ing tutorials, and practice skills such as cross hatching, creating negative space, contour drawing, blending, and how to control your paintbrush strokes to create textures, you will acquire valuable experience which will serve you when you start to draw cartoons.The drawing techniques used in editorial illustration are a far cry from the realism of observational drawing â€" this is down to the difference in objective.In realistic drawing and painting, the aim is to realistically depict an object or person, whereas editorial illustration is more about cartooning and caricature. This means that the artist must learn how to draw a person, an  idea or a story by picking out the important traits and exaggerating them in a humoristic way.This means that if you want to break into the profession, you’ll have to learn about the art of drawing in all of its forms as well as learning to appreciate editorial illustrations in detail.So, before you dive into cartoon drawing, it helps a great d eal to have practiced  portrait drawing, accurately drawing people, drawing faces, eye drawing, learning how to draw hands, copying, freehand drawing, learning to draw flowers, looking into drawing animals to move away from human figure drawing, gesture drawing, trying to see basic shapes in complex objects, trying to accurately draw a sphere, and even using an eraser to highlight areas. All of these things will ensure that you have a sketchbook that shows your experience as an artist in training your mind how to create different effects.Don't try to run before you can walk: master the basics, and then move on to caricature drawing ¦ source: Pixabay - AlexandruPetreBuilding a sketch pad that acts as a demonstration of your ability to produce a variety of different styles including everything from doodling to portraiture with a charcoal pencil will allow others to appreciate your artistic talent and also teaches you to take pride in your work.You’ll have to work hard and make sure you have a good understanding of key issues to be able to tell stories through drawing.As an editorial illustrator, several qualities will be asked of you:Awareness of cultural issuesAttention to detailImaginationCuriosityA creative mindKnowing how to inform the general public about a topic whilst also providing a commentary with a certain degree of humour is no easy feat. When faced with a blank sheet of paper, it is essential that you have the creative ability and critical skills to produce a piece of journalism with your drawing techniques, including  colored pencils, a paintbrush, graphite pencil, chalk, oil pastel, watercolor paints or charcoal.Need help perfecting your artistic talent? Why not solicit the help of a art tutor for drawing lessons. With Superprof you can find a drawing class London, a cartoon course in Manchester and everything in between.

What can you do about Online Math Tutor Right Now

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10 Real Tips for Improving Your English - Do This To Improve English

10 Real Tips for Improving Your English - Do This To Improve English Im frequently  asked by students and by people who join  me on  my channel, how do I speak  better English.  How can I improve my  English and is there an easy way?Well, you wont be surprised if I tell you  that there is no easy way.  The only way  that youre going to be able to improve  your English is to work hard and to  practise.But there are certain tips that  I can give you.And Im going to give you  a list of 10 tips. If you follow  these tips Im sure youre going to be  able to improve your English.Theres a little story  about the person wandering around London, and hes trying to find the Albert Hall  which is a beautiful music event in  London and he stops this stranger and he  says to the stranger:  â€˜How do I get to the  Albert Hall?’  And the guy looks at him and  he says:  â€˜Practice.’And its the same with your English. You have to continue and  practise and practise.  Practise repeat. Practise and repeat.And its the only thing that will help you improve your English .So these are the  tips that Im going to give you. Share, help other students to improve English: 10 Real Tips for Improving Your English TIP 1Know exactly what your level of English is. Theres no point starting to learn English if you dont know what level youre at because you either get books or teachers that are too easy or youll get something that is too difficult. And if its too easy, you’ll get bored. And if its too difficult, you wont have the motivation.Once you establish your level, then youll be able to set a plan for yourself to improve your English.  TIP 2is  about vocabulary.  Everybody wants to  improve their vocabulary  in English.Everybody is told that if you have a  wide and broad vocabulary,  its a good  sign that youre able to speak good  English.  Well,  yes thats important but  what do you do with it?  I see and I hear  teachers teaching English telling  students learn ten words a day,  eight  words a day. Memorise the words.  Thats  rubbish. It just doesnt work.  As soon as youve  memorised them and as soon as youve  repeated them to the teacher  within a  day youve forgotten the words.  The only  way that you can use vocabulary is when you know how to use the words. So dont just  swallow a dictionary,  dont just learn the meaning by heart.  Learn new vocabulary words in context. Practise putting words into sentences with your teacher. When you put words together, we can communicate with one another. You dont see people in the street ust talking: moon, dog, tree, whatever. No. Theyre putting the words in phrases, in sentences and then that way theyre communicating.   Things You Can Do to Improve English TIP 3is about reading and this is how I get my students to improve their English. Pick an article based on your level. Something thats not so difficult for the beginners and something thats challenging for those at intermediate level. Read it, repeat it, read it again.Reading is not only about recognising the words.Its also about the pronunciation. It is also about the intonation. It takes a while but if you want to speak better English, then reading pronunciation and intonation are really important. And only when you are feeling comfortable, should you move on.TIP 4is about speaking. English is all about communication. Its important to be able to read. Its important to have vocabulary. Obviously, it is very important to understand the grammar.But we are in a language of communication, so we want to speak.When you go on holidays you want to be able to talk to somebody in the train station, the airport, the hotel, wherever it might be. You want to have the comfort and confidence about speaking English. The more frequently you speak with other people, the better your English will become.And  again it’s all about practice.  It  doesnt matter what you talk about. The important  thing is communication frequency and use  it as often as you can.  Copying people is  the best way. In fact, it is  the only way  that youre going to improve English  quickly.  Listen  to other people,  see how they pronounce  it and copy them.Important thing here  though is to make sure that the person that  youre talking to has English at your  level minimum or better,  still above  yours.So if its not a teacher that you  can find,  find a friend or colleague or  relative somebody that has language  level above yours so that when they are  talking to you youre going to be able  to learn from them.TIP 5is about istening. It is an important aspect of English. We have to listen to different accents. We have to understand different voices. We have to understand intonation.If you want to lear n British  English  theres no point listening or watching  â€˜Friends’,  for example,  which I hear a lot  of people do.  All youre going to get are  American accents and youre going to  get confused  between words. So if you want  to speak British English, then  obviously  go to British sites which  will give you  the access to that listening  content.The BBC have wonderful podcasts that you can download.  Theyre  very professional.  They talk on  different topics. I  would certainly recommend that you  consider using those.I  often hear from  students whove watched American movies  the word ‘gonna’.  â€˜Im gonna do this’,  â€˜Im  gonna do that’.  But its not English.Thats American slang and its  not something youll hear a lot in  British English.  So make sure that  whatever youre listening to is  appropriate to the English that you want  to learn.Of course,  if you want to speak  like an American, there’s  nothing wrong with it. Focus on American movies and American   production.Another important part of listening  for people is to listen to music.  If you  have a look at the old music  from  the 60s and the 70s, particularly groups like ‘The Beatles’, there are lots of interesting stories in their  music.  Download the lyrics,  listen to the music  and youll understand  it.  Itll help you to understand your  English a little bit better. TIP 6Im giving you a don’t. Please don’t use Google Translate. I really really hate it. Its not going to give you good English. Full stop.TIP 7I always try and get my students to keep their English simple. Some students get a little bit frustrated with me.Theyd like to use big words and they think that using these big words is a sign of perfect English. And of course it can be, if you can use the words correctly.If you want to communicate better in English, keep your English simple. Particularly at the beginning when youre learning. I have this little phrase Keep It Simple Stupid KISS. So remember that KISS. Its not to downgrade the level of your English, its not to get you to talk like a baby: ‘I am Harry’. No.It gets you to use simple English that people can understand. When you understand it and they understand you, then over a period of time you can build on that and improve your level of English. Incorporate more complex sentences, introduce more clauses and that will show an improvement in your English very quickly.TIP 8find a good teacher. Finding a good teacher is really important for you to improve your English and you know there are lots and lots of good teachers out there. The world is full of people who want to teach English.Not all of  them are experts,  not all of them  are  trained and  not all learn have  the appropriate  qualifications.  But  leaving those aside, there are a lot of really good teachers  out there.  If you want to learn  English and you want to learn good  English and you want to speak English  more fluently,  please get yourself a good  native English  teacher.TIP 9use technology. Record on your mobile phone or some other gadget. Record, repeat, listen to it again, replay. It is important that youre constantly getting English as part of your life. It’ll help you to immerse you into the English language and enable you to improve English quicker.TIP 10practise your written English. Find somebody who can correct it for you and write letters, short essays, reviews, post, etc. You have to practise your written English, it is a really important part of communication. Repeat, repeat, repeat… The more you do, the better youll become.So Ive given you hopefully ten really really good tips as to how you  can improve your English.  If  you have any questions you can always  follow me up and join me on www.englishlessonviaskype.com  and subscribe to  my channel.Were going to have some  really important announcements soon.  Youll also find a link to my online English courses, which are really good value. And hopefully well catch up with  you soon.

Taking English Classes with Rockstars

Taking English Classes with Rockstars Assembling a team of English teachers isn’t easy, especially when you are focused on quality, experience, certification and  that extra something, je ne sais quoi.  LOI English is lucky  to have a talented team of teachers. If you are already an LOI English student then you know that our teachers are great at teaching English but did you know they have many other talents? Did you know that our teacher Peter has his own radio show? or that Tina is an expert on the artist Klimt? You can read her articles here, although it is in German.    Isaac does voiceover work (you can hear his smooth vocals during class). Davide is an experienced programmer and inventor. Here is one of his patents, it is a little too techie for my understanding.    Our teacher Takeyce has a beautiful new album called Faith and Love. Inspired by her reggae roots. You can hear her beautiful vocals and the wonderful message she wants to share.  You should check it out! Teacher  Kelly just released an album too, i n a little different style. Deeply Unlovable has a great British punk feel and she rocks with her band ,The Empty Page.  At LOI English you might be taking your next English class with a future rockstar. These are only a few of our talented teachers you could meet during your classes with LOI English. This is what makes LOI English unique. Are you unique too? Then you and LOI English will be a great fit.